Author(s): Ehsan Pajouheshgar, Aditya Bhardwaj, Nathaniel Selub, and Ethan Lake We investigate the landscape of many-body memories: families of local nonequilibrium dynamics that retain information about their initial conditions for thermodynamically long timescales, even in the presence of arbitrary perturbations. In two dimensions, the only well-studied memory is Toom’s rule.… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 037102] Published Wed Jan 21, 2026