In any real system a newly computed datum begins its existence in the processor rather than in external memory, and thus does not inevitably incur a cold miss. This was captured by early I/O models, but not by the Sleator-Tarjan one that has come to underpin competitive analysis of paging. If one corrects the Sleator-Tarjan model by charging no cost for the first access to newly computed data, optimal offline algorithms such as LFD remain optima...

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