Two-Way Confidential VMs (2cVM): Collaborative Confidential Computing for Mutually Distrustful Parties (opens in new tab)  🔒Privacy Preserving

Collaborative computation across organizations is often constrained by the need to process sensitive data and proprietary code without exposing them to untrusted infrastructure or participants. Cryptographic approaches such as fully homomorphic encryption and secure multi-party computation provide strong confidentiality but remain impractical for general workloads due to their extreme computational cost. We present the Two-Way Confidential Virtu...