Thermodynamic Invariants of Coupled Channels: A Many-Channel Tolman-Ehrenfest Effect (opens in new tab)

When multiple thermodynamic channels are coupled, single-channel equilibrium conditions fail. Extending the Tolman--Ehrenfest effect to the entropy manifold, we derive the unique $n$-channel invariant $\zeta_i T_i = C$, where $\zeta_i$ is the holonomy of the Ruppeiner connection. For the granular volume--stress ensemble, Rowe's dilatancy ratio and energy restriction emerge as geometric consequences of the off-diagonal curvature $g_{V\sigma}$, ...