Orientable Surfactants on Thin Liquid Films: A Dynamic Density-Functional Theory Approach (opens in new tab)

Thin liquid films are ubiquitous across many natural and engineering systems, including films which are laden with surface active molecules, i.e. surfactants. The presence of surfactants may have a destabilising effect on the film owing to their influence on surface tension, the so-called Marangoni effect, which in turn can induce flows in the film. Classical thin-film models for surfactant-laden films lead to paradigmatic gradient dynamics equa...