One country, multiple portraits: representativeness in GPS-based mobility data is source-specific and spatially dependent (opens in new tab)

Anonymised GPS-based mobile phone data are increasingly used to estimate population distribution and human mobility, supporting applications across disaster response, public health, urban planning and migration research. Yet whether these data fairly represent the populations they describe, particularly outside high-income countries, remains poorly understood. We quantify coverage bias for 2,478 municipalities in Mexico by comparing population...