Building a Low-cost Network Digital Twin for the IoT-Edge-Cloud Continuum Using Open-Source Tooling (opens in new tab)

Validating network configurations and testing failure scenarios in IoT-edge-cloud environments without disrupting live infrastructure remains an open operational challenge. This paper presents a low-cost, fully open-source Network Digital Twin (NDT) for IIoT edge deployments, built on Containerlab, Open vSwitch, ONOS, and a Prometheus+Grafana observability stack. The framework integrates container-native topology emulation, SDN-driven traffic en...