Beyond Anonymity Sets: A Security Model for Distributed Shuffling in Adversarial Environments (opens in new tab)

Distributed shuffling is a core primitive underlying mix-nets, electronic voting, and, more recently, single secret leader election \(SSLE\) protocols for proof-of-stake blockchains\. In these settings, a collection of resource-constrained parties jointly permutes a list of ciphertexts or commitments in order to conceal the correspondence between inputs and outputs\. Existing security analyzes of such protocols typically rely on heuristic anonymity measures or implicitly assume honest behavio...