Characteristics of L-Band Microwave Scattering From Layered Rough Soil With a Full-Wave Volume Integral Equation Approach (opens in new tab)

Soil surfaces often exhibit moisture stratification as a result of natural processes such as precipitation and vertical infiltration, which is, however, commonly neglected in traditional L-band soil scattering modeling and inversion works. Understanding how different moisture stratifications affect microwave observations is, therefore, of critical importance. Existing soil scattering simulation algorithms face challenges in accurately modeling layered soils, especially when large lateral soil...