Assessment frameworks and performance indicators for hybrid flood risk management measures from a scoping review and expert perspectives (opens in new tab)

Hybrid measures, which combine engineered (grey) and nature-based (green/blue) infrastructure, are increasingly promoted to enhance flood resilience across pluvial, fluvial, and coastal systems. However, no standardised framework currently exists to assess their performance, limiting comparison across studies and practical implementation. This study investigates which assessment frameworks, methods, and key performance indicators (KPIs) are used to evaluate hybrid measures, and how these vary...