Islamic Cyber Resistance in Iraq 313 (ICR-313) Ubuntu DD0S Actor Profile (opens in new tab)

Executive Summary Islamic Cyber Resistance in Iraq 313 (ICR-313) is a pro–Axis of Resistance cyber persona that operates primarily as a hybrid hack-and-leak and information operations platform. Its messaging, timing, and target selection align closely with Iran-backed Iraqi militia ecosystems, particularly those associated with the Popular Mobilization Forces, and reflect influence tradecraft consistent with the […]