Docs-as-code topologies (opens in new tab)

Should docs stay with the code they document? Or should they rather be in a separate repo, fully managed by tech writers and docs site developers? The matter of where docs should be living when doing docs-as-code isn’t easy to untangle. With the following topologies I’ve tried to describe situations I’ve found myself into or seen in the wild. Each has its own pros and cons, though only the last is my favorite.