Could less caffeine be smarter performance enhancer? Scientists find sweet spot (opens in new tab)

Think of an athlete eyeing the finish line—could a single shot of caffeine be the difference between a podium finish and a personal best? For decades, runners and cyclists have treated the stimulant as a near-magical performance aid, yet the "perfect" dose has remained a subject of locker-room legend and conflicting advice. While some athletes swear by a morning espresso, others push the limits with high-dose supplements, chasing a faster sprint at any cost.