Individual-Specific Gaussian Graphical Models for Heterogeneous Populations with Application to Epigenetic Gene Regulation in Lung Adenocarcinoma (opens in new tab)

Inter-patient molecular heterogeneity is a fundamental challenge in precision oncology: population-level multi-omics networks reveal average biology aggregated across the population but obscure individual variations that drive differential clinical outcomes. We introduce SIREN (Sample-specific Inference via Regularized Empirical-Bayes Networks), a method that estimates one partial correlation network per sample across omics layers by combining a population-level empirical Bayes prior with a r...