Ammonia metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment: emergence of an immunosuppressive niche (opens in new tab)

Metabolic reprogramming within the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in tumor proliferation, progression, and immune evasion. Cancer cells exhibit altered lipid, glucose, and amino acid metabolism to adapt to hostile conditions such as hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. Particularly, ammonia metabolism has emerged as a critical aspect of tumor metabolic reprogramming. Oncogene mutations, such as those in c-MYC, KRAS, and p53, regulate key enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism, wh...