From organelles to therapy: rethinking combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (opens in new tab)

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary malignant hepatic neoplasm, defined by the concurrent presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) components, which vary in proportion and degree of differentiation. Characterized by insidious onset, high invasiveness, and marked heterogeneity, cHCC-CCA often eludes early diagnosis, leading to a generally dismal prognosis. Its survival outcomes typically fall between those of HCC and intrahepat...