The multifaceted roles of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in digestive system malignancies: mechanisms and therapeutic implications (opens in new tab)

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have emerged as key mediators of intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. However, a comprehensive synthesis of their paradoxical roles in digestive system tumors remains absent. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the molecular mechanisms by which MSC-Exos regulate tumor progression, with a focus on how they transfer specific non-coding RNAs and proteins to target cells, thereby modulating angiogenesis, epitheli...