Cardiomyocyte programmed cell death in dilated cardiomyopathy: molecular crosstalk and therapeutic implications (opens in new tab)

Progressive cardiomyocyte loss constitutes the pathological hallmark of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a process driven by an intricate network of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways. This review systematically examines the molecular underpinnings and reciprocal crosstalk among six principal PCD modalities implicated in DCM: apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Apoptosis is triggered by genetic defects—most notably titin (TTN) truncating variants—epigen...