Roles of metabolic dysregulation in osteoarthritis (opens in new tab)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognized not merely as a mechanically driven degenerative disorder, but as a complex whole-joint disease shaped by profound metabolic dysregulation. Beyond cartilage wear, OA involves coordinated pathological changes in subchondral bone, synovium, and periarticular tissues, with metabolic syndrome emerging as a major systemic driver of disease initiation and progression. This review summarizes current advances in the understanding of metabolic disturbance...