Breastfeeding and prevention of childhood obesity: a narrative review of behavioral, hormonal, and microbiome programming (opens in new tab)

Childhood obesity has emerged as a major public health concern worldwide, with increasing prevalence in high-income countries. Growing evidence suggests that early-life nutrition, particularly breastfeeding, plays a critical role in reducing obesity that shaping long-term metabolic health. This narrative review highlight association between breastfeeding duration, exclusivity, and childhood obesity risk, synthesizing current evidence while exploring potential biological and behavioral mechani...