Nutritional indicators and fluid self-efficacy among hemodialysis patients in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia: a multicenter descriptive cross-sectional study (opens in new tab)

BackgroundHemodialysis is a life-sustaining renal replacement therapy that removes metabolic waste products normally eliminated by the kidneys. Patients undergoing hemodialysis are required to adhere to strict fluid and dietary restrictions to prevent serious complications. Fluid self-efficacy is a key determinant of adherence, as it enhances motivation, supports emotional regulation, and promotes engagement in health-related behaviors.AimTo investigate nutritional indicators and fluid self-e...