Effect of a polyphenol-rich pomegranate extract on plasma trimethylamine N-oxide levels following an oral carnitine challenge: a randomized controlled crossover trial in healthy adults (opens in new tab)

IntroductionPolyphenol-rich pomegranate extract has been shown to inhibit microbial trimethylamine (TMA) production from L-carnitine. Previous clinical studies have examined effects of polyphenol-rich interventions on fasting trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentrations but have not assessed pharmacokinetic TMAO responses following an oral carnitine challenge (OCC). We investigated whether a single dose of pomegranate extract attenuates the plasma TMAO response to an OCC in healthy adults.Met...