Effects of collagen peptide supplementation on bone turnover, cytokine, and inflammatory markers in female distance runners: a randomized pilot study (opens in new tab)

IntroductionFemale distance runners are at elevated risk for impaired bone remodeling due to high mechanical loading, potential low energy availability, and sustained inflammatory stress. Collagen peptide (CP) supplementation has been proposed as a nutritional strategy to support type I collagen synthesis and modulate osteoimmune signaling; however, evidence in premenopausal endurance athletes is limited. This pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examined the effects of fo...