Effects of different menthol administration routes on endurance performance and physiological responses in the heat: a network meta-analysis (opens in new tab)

ObjectiveThis study employed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to systematically evaluate and compare the relative efficacy of three menthol administration routes—ingestion (ING), mouth rinsing (MR), and topical application (Top)—on exercise performance and physiological responses in the heat, aiming to explore potential task-oriented personalized supplementation strategies.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in...