Maternal vitamin A levels during second and third trimester and associations with offspring’s birth weight: a longitudinal cohort post-hoc study (opens in new tab)

BackgroundVitamin A is vital for maternal and fetal health during pregnancy, with both excess and deficiency linked to adverse outcomes. This study examined maternal vitamin A by serum retinol levels in the second and third trimesters and their association with birthweight in a high-income setting.MethodsThis study is a post-hoc analysis of a merged dataset from 723 women with low-risk pregnancies in Norway. Clinical data and blood samples were collected in the second (week 18–22) and third t...