Association of vitamin D deficiency with incident depression in patients with hearing impairment: an observational retrospective cohort study (opens in new tab)

BackgroundHearing impairment is associated with an elevated risk of depression, yet modifiable risk factors in this population remain poorly characterized. Although vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been linked to depression in general populations, no large-scale study has examined this association among adults with hearing impairment.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Adults aged ≥18 years with hearing impairment who underwent serum 25-hydroxyv...