Reduced left dorsolateral prefrontal activation and right inferior frontal de-oxygenation differ between psychotic and non−psychotic adolescent depression during verbal fluency (opens in new tab)

BackgroundAdolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) who exhibit psychotic symptoms (MDD-Psy) often show greater clinical severity and higher suicide risk than those without psychosis (MDD-NonPsy). It remains unclear whether prefrontal hemodynamic responses during cognitive challenge can differ between these subgroups.MethodsWe recruited 273 adolescents aged 14–16 years (110 MDD-NonPsy, 163 MDD-Psy). All completed a 60-s verbal fluency task (VFT) while 53-channel functional near-infrare...