Interfacial excess charge dynamics as a quantitative descriptor to understand lithium dendrite growth (opens in new tab)

Unraveling the origins of Li dendrite growth remains a critical challenge for lithium metal batteries. Existing studies often treat diffusion-reaction mismatches or electrode surface excess charge in isolation, overlooking the coupled interfacial processes at the nanoscale solid-liquid interface that govern Li dendrite growth. Herein, we introduce the interfacial excess charge distribution factor, a quantitative descriptor that captures the dynamic equilibrium by integrating the contributions...