Real-time P $$_2$$ O $$_5$$ quantification in industrial phosphoric acid using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: a paradigm shift in process analytical chemistry (opens in new tab)

Industrial chemical manufacturing relies heavily on process analytical technology for quality assurance and efficiency. However, many critical assays remain constrained by slow, off-line laboratory methods, creating significant latency in process control. Here we demonstrate that Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), a form of atomic emission spectroscopy, can overcome these limitations for direct in-line analysis of industrial liquids. Using LIBS as the measurement platform, we develo...