Comparative machinability and neural network-driven optimization of AISI D2 steel using chamfered and conventional tooling (opens in new tab)

Dry turning of AISI D2 steel requires a balance between productivity, surface integrity, thermal loading, and energy demand. This study compares the machinability of a chamfered Xcel insert and a conventional carbide insert during dry turning of AISI D2 steel using a 24 full-factorial design with cutting speed (VCS: 100–150 m/min), feed rate (FR: 0.2–0.3 mm/rev), and depth of cut (DOC: 0.5–1.0 mm). Volumetric material removal rate (VMR), microhardness (MH), turning-zone temperature (TTZ), and...