Thermo-CR: real-time physics-based cloud shadow removal via thermodynamic atmospheric modelling and multi-source fusion (opens in new tab)

Spaceborne optical sensors provide continuous Earth observation, but atmospheric interference still limits their practical reliability. On average, clouds cover 67% of the Earth’s surface. This constant coverage degrades the data continuity needed for precision agriculture, disaster monitoring, and proactive Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Recent deep generative networks produce visually appealing cloud-free images. However, when faced with thick clouds ($$>50\%$$ opacity), these models oft...