Climate change and interprovincial trade move grain production and environmental burdens northwards in China (opens in new tab)

Understanding how the grain trade redistributes environmental burdens across regions is critical for designing equitable food security and environmental stewardship policies. Using grain production, trade and environmental data from 1980 to 2020, we quantify environmental spillovers embedded in China’s interprovincial grain trade, identify their socio-economic and climatic drivers, project future scenarios and estimate ecological compensation schemes. Interprovincial grain trade increased mor...