Oil crop supply chains drive rising global biodiversity loss and outsource impacts to the tropics (opens in new tab)

Oil crop expansion threatens global biodiversity, yet its supply chain impacts remain poorly quantified. Here we analyse biodiversity impacts along oil crop supply chains from 1995 to 2020 using spatially explicit assessments, a hybridized multi-regional input–output framework, enhanced supply chain mapping and structural decomposition analysis. By 2020, oil crop cultivation caused the potential long-term loss of 1.5% of global species (plants and terrestrial vertebrates), with oil palm, coco...