The Éolienne Bollée, France's Souped-Up Wind Turbine (opens in new tab)

Machines that harness the energy of the wind are nothing new, and have been used to pump water or grind grain for more than a thousand years. But in 1868, French engineer Ernest Sylvain Bollée had a few ideas to improve on the standard windmill. His turbine, called the Éolienne Bollée, had two sets of blades. The blades facing the wind did not move, but funneled the wind efficiently onto a second set of blades that turned. A few years later, Bollée added an outer funnel to the design to conce...