Real-world operating characteristics of hydraulic excavators: A large-sample empirical study and implications for energy efficiency optimization (opens in new tab)

<p>Publication date: 1 June 2026</p><p><b>Source:</b> Energy, Volume 352</p><p>Author(s): Yongqi Wang, Xichang Liang, Yong Xiong, Jie Tian, Qingzhong Yan, Yong Cheng, Yi Wan</p>