How America’s Adversaries Compete Across Peace and War (opens in new tab)

This article does not introduce “Endless Warfare” as another term in an already crowded national security lexicon. It examines an increasingly visible pattern in which U.S. adversaries pursue persistent strategic advantage both below and above the threshold of open conflict. The aim is not to argue terminology, but to clarify the character of the competition we are already in.This article is also not about “endless wars” as a critique of U.S. interventions over the past two decades; that deba...