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The work of one of Italy’s greatest scholars focused on ordinary lives oppressed by power and prejudice. That approach resonates todayReflecting on the genesis of his most famous work, Carlo Ginzburg wrote that by immersing himself in the trial of a 16th-century miller burned by the Roman Inquisition, he turned a possible footnote into a book. Fifty years on, after being translated around the world, still stands as a supreme exemplar of historical research devoted to the lives of “the persecu...